Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne diseasecaused by dengue virus, prevalent in tropical and subtropical areas. Most cases of dengue fever are either asymptomatic or manifest mild symptoms.[8][7] Symptoms typically begin 3 to 14 days after infection. They may include a high fever, headache, vomiting, muscle and joint pains, and a characteristic skin itching and skin rash. Recovery generally takes two to seven days. In a small proportion of cases, the disease develops into severe dengue(previously known as dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome)[9] with bleeding, low levels of blood platelets, blood plasma leakage, and dangerously low blood pressure.[1][2]
Dengue fever
Other names
Dengue, breakbone fever[1][2]
Typical rash seen in dengue fever
Pronunciation
* /ˈdɛŋɡi,-ɡeɪ/[3][4]
Specialty
Infectious disease
Symptoms
Fever, headache, muscle and joint pain, rash. Can be severe, mild or asymptomatic[1][2]
Complications
Bleeding, low levels of blood platelets, dangerously low blood pressure[2]
Usual onset
3–14 days after exposure[2]
Duration
2–7 days[1]
Causes
Dengue virusby Aedesmosquitos[1]
Diagnostic method
Detecting antibodies to the virus or its RNA[2]
Differential diagnosis
Malaria, yellow fever, viral hepatitis, leptospirosis[5]
Prevention
Dengue fever vaccine, decreasing mosquito exposure[1][6]
Treatment
Supportive care, intravenous fluids, blood transfusions[2]
Frequency
5 million per year (2023)[7]
Deaths
5,000 per year (2023)[7]
Dengue is spread by several species of female mosquitoes of the Aedesgenus, principally Aedes aegypti.[1] The virus has four confirmed serotypes; infection with one type usually gives lifelong immunity to that type, but only short-term immunity to the others. Subsequent infection with a different type increases the risk of severe complications, so-called antibody-dependent enhancement.[10] The symptoms may resemble those of malaria, influenza,
